M.Visvesvaraya Biography,
Birth: 15 September 1860, Chikkaballapur, Kolar, Karnataka
Work / position: Excellent Engineer and Diplomat
Bharataratna Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (M. Visvesvaraya) was an eminent engineer and politician. He played an important role in the making of modern India. In recognition of his contribution to the making of India, he was awarded the Bharat Ratna, the highest honor of the country, in the year 1955. In India, his birthday is celebrated as Engineer Day. He was awarded the ‘Knight Commander of the British Indian Empire’ (KCIE) by the British Government for his service to the public. He was the Chief Designer of the Flood Protection System of Hyderabad city and as the Chief Engineer, played a key role in the construction of the Krishna Sagar Dam in Mysore.
Biography early life M.Visvesvaraya
Story of Jawaharlal Nehru
Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya was born on 15 September 1860 in Chikkaballapur in Kolar district into a Brahmin family. His father’s name was Srinivasa Shastri and mother’s name was Venkachamma. His ancestors settled here from Mokshagundam in Andhra Pradesh. His father Srinivasa Shastri was a Sanskrit scholar and Ayurvedic physician. His father died when the boy Vishveshwaraya was only 12 years old. He got his early education at a primary school located at his birthplace. He then enrolled in Bangalore’s Central College. Due to lack of funds, they had to pay tuition here. In the midst of all this, he got the first position in the BA examination in the year 1881 and after that with the help of the Government of Mysore, he joined the Science College, Poona for the study of engineering. He showed his qualification by getting first position in the LCE and FCE examination of 1883 and in view of this, the Maharashtra Government appointed him to the post of Assistant Engineer in Nashik.
M.Visvesvaraya Biography Carrier
After engineering studies, he got a job in PWD department of Mumbai. He implemented a complex irrigation system in the Deccan. In the absence of resources and high technology, he made many projects successful. Prominent among these were Krishnarajasagar Dam, Bhadravati Iron and Steel Works, Mysore Sandal Oil and Soap Factory, University of Mysore and Bank of Mysore. These achievements were made possible only by the hard effort of MV.
While working for the Sukkur (Sindh) municipality at just 32 years of age, he supplied water to the Sukkur town from the Indus River, which he devised for all the engineers.
The British government formed a committee to find ways to improve the irrigation system. He was made a member of this committee. For this, he invented a new block system. Under this, they made steel doors which helped prevent the flow of water from the dam. His system was highly praised and even today this system is being used all over the world.
He also planned to tie the waters of two rivers called Musa and Issa. He was then appointed as the Chief Engineer of the state of Mysore in the year 1909.
He was also concerned about basic problems like illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, sickness etc. in Mysore state. To deal with these problems, he suggested the formation of an ‘Economic Conference’. He then constructed the Krishna Rajsagar Dam in Mysore. Since cement was not made in the country at this time, engineers prepared mortar which was stronger than cement.
The Diwan of Mysore
Seeing his contribution to the Mysore state, the Maharaja of Mysore appointed him as the Diwan or Chief Minister of the state in 1912. As the Diwan of Mysore, he worked tirelessly for the educational and industrial development of the state. Due to his efforts, many new industries started in the state. Prominent among them were Chandan Oil Factory, Soap Factory, Metal Factory, Chrome Tanning Factory. Among the many factories he started, the most important is Bhadravati Iron and Steel Works. Sir M. Visvesvaraya voluntarily retired as the Diwan of Mysore in 1918.
Even after retirement, he was actively working. Seeing his invaluable contribution to the nation, the Government of India honored him with ‘Bharat Ratna’ in 1955. When Sir M. Visvesvaraya turned 100, the Government of India issued a stamp in his honor.
Visvesvaraya passed away on 14 April 1962 at the age of 101.
M.Visvesvaraya Biography Honours and awards
1904: Honorary membership of the London Institute of Civil Engineers for 50 consecutive years
1906: The title of “Kesar-e-Hind” in recognition of his services.
1911: Companion of the Indian Empire (CIE)
1915: Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (KCIE)
1921: University of Calcutta awarded Doctor of Science
1931: LLD by Bombay University
1937: Honored D. Litt by Banaras Hindu University
1943: Elected honorary life member of the Institution of Engineers (India)
1944: University of Allahabad by D.Sc.
1948: University of Mysore awarded Doctorate – LLD
1953: D.Litt awarded by Andhra University
1953: Honorary Fellowship of the Institute of Town Planners (India)
1955: Awarded ‘Bharat Ratna’
1958: ‘Durga Prasad Khaitan Memorial Gold Medal’ by Royal Asiatic Society Council of Bengal
1959: Fellowship by Indian Institute of Science
Timeline (Life Events)
1860: Born in the state of Mysore
1881: Gained first position in the examination of B.A.
1883: First position in LCE and FCE examination
1884: Joined the PWD Department of Bombay State as Assistant Engineer; Worked in Nashik, Khandesh and Poona
1894: Served in Sukkur Corporation in Sindh
1895: Water supply plan prepared for Sukkur town.
1896: Executive Engineer appointed in Surat city.
1897–99: Assistant Superintendent Engineer at Poona
1898: Visited China and Japan
1899: Executive Engineer of Irrigation in Poona
1901: Member of Sanitary Engineer and Sanitary Board in Bombay State
1901: Evidence placed before the Indian Irrigation Commission
1906: The title of “Kesar-e-Hind” in recognition of his services.
1907: Superintending Engineer
1908: Traveled to Egypt, Canada, USA and Russia
1909: Consultancy granted to Hyderabad State during floods
1909: Retired from British service
1909: Appointed as Chief Engineer and Secretary of the State of Mysore
1911: Companion of the Indian Empire (CIE)
1913: Appointed Diwan of Mysore State
1915: Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (KCIE)
1927–1955: On the board of directors of Tata Steel
1955: Awarded ‘Bharat Ratna’
1962: Visvesvaraya passed away on 14 April 1962 at the age of 101.
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